Author: administrador
Itineraries in Cusco
In the time of the Incas the main square was known as the ‘Square of the warrior’. It has been the scene of several important events in the history of Cusco. Every year the beginning of the spectacular ‘Inti Raymi’ or ‘Fiesta del Sol’ is began here. It was also in the Main Square that Francisco Pizarro proclaimed the conquest of Cusco and it was also the scene for the death of Tupar Amaru I (1571), the commander of the unsuccessful Inca resistance. The arrival of the Spanish saw the Plaza surrounded by beautiful arcades of stone in traditional colonial style, these can still be seen and admired today.
In the Plaza you also find the Cathedral and the church of the Society of Jesus.
The temple of Qoricancha and the convent of Santo Domingo
The convent was built over the spectacular Temple of Qoricancha (place of gold), the most important temple dedicated to the cult of the sun, the walls of which were covered with sheets of gold. This convent, using a base structures of carved stones, is one of the most delicate works of architecture in Cusco. Its single tower, in the Baroque style, rises above the tile roofs of the city.
The convent has an important collection of paintings in the style of the Cusqueña school.
This is perhaps the best known street in the city. In one of its walls of carved stone (the Archbishop’s Palace) you can find the famous stone with the 12 corners, identical to the one which forms a part of the old palace of Inca Roca. This street, rich in magnetism, offers an excellent access to the picturesque craft neighbourhood of San Blas.
San Blas also known as the neighbourhood of the artisans is one of the most picturesque places in the city. Its narrow back streets zigzag between grand old houses built of Inca stones and gentle little squares. The church was built in 1563, and is the oldest parish of Cusco. It has a spectacular pulpit, considered to be one of the best examples of a wooden carved pulpit of the colonial period. From this neighbourhood you have one of the most beautiful views of the city.
The neighbourhood also houses shops and stores of the most renowned artisans of Cusco, such as Hilario Mendívil and Edilberto Mérida, Santiago Rojas and Maximiliana Palomino.
Sacred Valleys
When in the Sacred Valley you are always accompanied by either the Urubamba river or the Vilcanota river. When visiting the valley, one can appreciate the towns of Pisaq, Yucay, Urubamba, Ollantaytambo and Chinchero. In every town you can find pre-Hispanic archaeological ruins, which were built by different Incas and used as citadels or resting places. All of these towns are perfect places to buy handmade goods.
Pisaq
Pisaq is located 30 km from Cusco and it takes approximately 45 minutes by bus to get there. On Tuesdays, Thursdays and Sundays there are crafts fairs in the town’s main square, with the participation of artisans from the whole town who maintain a constant productive activity throughout the entire year. 9 km from the town of Pisaq, high in the mountains in the midst of cultivated terraces and the Inca constructions you can find the homes of the people who live in the Andes. Here there are 6 citadels which make up a stunning architectonic and historic panorama of the area.
Ollantaytambo
Ollantaytambo is 97km from Cusco. It was an agricultural, administrative, religious, military and social complex for the Incas which the Spaniards called “Fortaleza”.
Maras/Moray
Maras is located in the district of Maras, at a height of 3,380 meters above sea level, at a distance of 48,880 km from Cusco. Two roads come out of the town of Maras, one to the archaeological complex of Moray and the other to the salt mines of Maras, both approximately 6 km away from the town. The population of Maras can appreciate the range of snow-capped mountains around the Sacred Valley of the Incas and Vilcabamba.
Chincheros
Chinchero is located at a height of 3700 meters. The population lives in dwellings whose foundations and stone walls come from pre-Hispanic constructions, with colonial and modern additions. People here conserves their typical way of dressing, which is notable for the vivacity of colours and designs. They also barter at the Sunday fairs just as they did in the time of the Incas, though the residents now also use monetary transactions.
Protected Natural Areas: National Parks
Only visitors pursuing scientific, educational, recreational and cultural (tourism) objectives are allowed to visit these conservation units under special conditions and control. The existing ten national parks give protection to 4.13% of the national territory.
There are 11 National Parks:
National Parks
|
Location
|
Area
|
Cutervo
|
Cajamarca
|
2500,00
|
Tingo María
|
Huánuco
|
4777,00
|
Manu
|
Cusco y Madre de Dios
|
1716295,22
|
Huascarán
|
Ancash
|
340000,00
|
Cerros de Amotape
|
Tumbes y Piura
|
91300,00
|
Río Abiseo
|
San Martín
|
274520,00
|
Yanachaga Chemillén
|
Pasco
|
122000,00
|
Bahuaja Sonene
|
Madre de Dios y Puno
|
1091416,00
|
Cordillera Azul
|
San Martín, Loreto, Ucayali y Huánuco.
|
1353190,84
|
Otishi
|
Junín y Cusco
|
305973,05
|
Alto Purus
|
Ucayali y Madre de Dios
|
2510694,41
|
Recommended Destination: Loreto
Loreto is the largest yet least populated department in Peru. It is covered by dense vegetation and by primary and secondary jungle with low hills and slightly rolling landscape, crisscrossed by the many rivers of the Amazon River basin, which is born at the confluence of the Marañon and Ucayali Rivers.
Iquitos, the capital of Loreto, is the main port city on the Amazon River and the largest city in the Peruvian jungle. Different indigenous people groups like the Cocama, Huitoto, and Bora first inhabited the area. Then came the Jesuit missionaries who founded the city. At the end of the nineteenth century was when Iquitos experienced its greatest economic glory due to the rubber industry. The economic bonanza meant that luxurious buildings like the art noveau Palace Hotel and the Iron House, designed by the famous French architect Gustave Eiffel, were constructed there.
In contrast to these buildings, you find the homes in the Belen neighborhood that are constructed on top of rafts and pylons to protect them from the flooding of the river. One of the best attractions in Loreto is navigating on the rivers and lakes and enjoying the beautiful beaches.
The Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve (2,080,000 hectares), the largest reserve in Peru, is located 183 kilometers from the city and is home to numerous plant and animal species, many of them in danger of extinction like the charapa river turtle, the giant river otter, the black caiman, and the river dolphin.
Likewise, the Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve (58,000 hectares) protects the largest concentration of white sand forests, or varillales as they are known in the Peruvian Amazon rainforest. This happens to be one of the best areas to go for bird-watching. //In addition to these national reserves, there are also numerous private reserves, which have been created to satisfy all tastes.
Peru's Beaches
El Paraíso
In the department of Lima, the peninsula and beaches of El Paraíso (El Palmero, Tilca Tocoy and others) meet all the requisites to do honor to its name (The Paradise): dozens of solitary beaches, a clean and tranquil sea, good fishing and bright sunshine during the summer. During the summer months, the beaches are visited by vacationers seeking peace and quiet and a beautiful natural scenario. Nearby to the north lies the lagoon Playa Chica, a haven for a variety of species of wildlife. The area tends to be windy in the afternoon. This spot lies between the saltflats Las Salinas de Huacho and the town of Huacho itself. To get there, one needs to take the detour at Km 135 of the North Pan-American Highway. Apt for all kinds of vehicles.
South of Lima sprawls a series of beaches, including El Silencio, half an hour from the capital. After passing the Pachacamac pre-Hispanic temple and the whale-shaped island Isla de la Ballena, drivers head down a dirt track which leads to this U-shaped beach. El Silencio is one of the most popular beaches because of its clear waters, gentle waves, thick sand (which does not stick to the skin) and plenty of parking space and restaurants. There are no houses on the beach, but overlook the bay from the cliffs above.
Also just south of Lima, this beach is a hotspot with the surfing crowd. A small rocky outcrop dominates a sandy beach which stages national and international surfing championships and rock concerts. The beach also features seafood restaurants known as cebicherías.
These pretty Lima seaside resorts resemble each other in architecture, although with topographical variations: Punta Hermosa features three beaches and a small island just off the mainland; Punta Negra, meanwhile, is an open beach where swimmers should be careful. Both spots feature hostels and restaurants and are ideal for all kinds of watersports.
The largest beach resort near Lima. San Bartolo is practically a small city whose beach is fairly stony and home to Punta El Peñascal, a beach made up of rocky bluffs with good surfing waves. This traditional resort town, lined with coastal promenades, also features a spot called El Huayco, which is visited year-round by the surfing crowd.
Santa María is the most luxurious beach resort south of Lima, with buildings built along the cliffs and tiny beaches with little sand. The resort also features Embajadores, a pretty, half-moon shaped beach fringed with sand and which is at times engulfed by the sea. The sea here is placid and the shoreline flat, making it ideal for swimming.
Pucusana, a seaside resort and fishing cove, features an impressive 50-meter tunnel drilled through the living rock. Waves crash through the channel known as the “Boquerón del Diablo” (The Devil’s Mouth). Pucusana is an active fishing town, where dozens of boats bob on the calm sea, where gentle waves lap at the dark sand. There is plenty to see in Pucusana: a bustling pier filled with hungry pelicans, a hidden cove known as Las Ningas, and the tunnel formed by the waves, a phenomenon not found anywhere else along the coast. From Pucusana one can reach Naplo, a beach lined with fine houses and a calm sea. Pucusana also provides access to the only resort reached only by sea, Islas Galapagos. This towering island features luxurious residences, a small beach and a mirror-smooth sea.
Near the town Mala (Km 100), in the department of Lima, and famous for its chicharrones (pork fritters) and cornmash tamales, lie two beaches: Bujama, with a flat, sandy beach and crushed seashells at the far end, with large beach cottages. The sea is tranquil and the beach barely slopes down to the ocean. A town lies close by, known as Caleta Bujama. The other beach is Chocaya, a flat sandy beach which features gusting winds and a rough sea. The beach is generally bereft of visitors (although with the occasional camper), while further south lie many more beach towns.
Further south, at Km 119.5 lies Chepeconde, where cliffs jut out into the sea and there are mysterious interconnecting caves. The beach, known to some as La Barca, was discovered by camping enthusiasts two decades ago. Since then, it has become increasingly popular, and is now one of the most heavily-visited camping spots during the summer. The beach is made of fine sand, with a clean and tranquil sea. Cliffs split the beach into three sections, where the northern stretch is the most heavily-visited. Chepeconde is reached via a detour, at Km 120 of the South Pan-American Highway. Apt for all vehicles.
Located 131 km south of Lima down the South Pan-American Highway, Cerro Azul was once a bustling and prosperous port until May 1, 1971, when the Greek ship Chrysovalndov used its installations for the last time. An aging pier remains as a mute witness of those heady days, and today is only visited by fishermen and surfers. The beach, which features several hotels and restaurants, is dominated by the Centinela hill, which reaches out into the sea like a second pier. The hillsides still feature pre-Hispanic ruins which according to sixteenth-century Spanish chronicler Pedro Cieza de León, was once a light green color, but which looks blue (hence its name, Blue Hill) when spotted from the sea. The beach town is popular amongst campers.
Peruvian Geography
Peru is divided into three regions. Although this simple division is a fair portrait of Peru’s geography, the reality is much richer and far more complex: in Peru, nature appears to have taken on particular characteristics which have turned its mountains, plains, jungles and valleys into unique habitats.
An extraordinary variety of eco-systems shelters a wide diversity of animals and plants.
The Coast
Which features deserts, beautiful beaches and fertile valleys…
The Peruvian coastline is formed by a long snaking desert hemmed in between the sea and the mountains. The Andes to the east and the cold Humboldt sea current that runs along the coast are what make this area so arid. From the Sechura desert to the Nazca plains and the Atacama desert, the dry coastal terrain is occasionally split by valleys covered by a thick layer of cloud and drizzle in the winter.
Humidity in these areas produces a sensation of cold, although temperatures rarely dip below 12°C. During the summer, meanwhile, the sun beats down and temperatures often top 30°C. The central and southern sections of the coast feature two well-defined seasons: winter from April to October, and summer from November to March. The north coast, meanwhile, is not touched by the effects of the cold current, which means it enjoys 300 days of sunshine a year and warm temperatures all year-long (as much as 35°C in the summer). The rain season runs from November to March
The Highlands
A mountainous area dominated by the Andes, where Mount Huascaran soars to 6,768 meters.
In the Peruvian highlands, there are two well-defined seasons: the dry season (from April to October), marked by sunny days, cold nights and the lack of rain (the ideal time for visiting); and the rainy season (November to March), when there are frequent rain showers (generally more than 1000 mm). A characteristic of the mountain region is the drop in temperature during the day: temperatures commonly range around 24°C at midday before plunging to -3°C at night.
The steep slopes of the Andes means temperatures gradually drop in the highest region, known as the puna, the highland plain.
The dry and pleasant climate in the highlands makes it possible to grow a wide variety of crops there.
The Jungle
A vast region of tropical vegetation in the Amazon River Basin, home to Peru’s largest natural reserves.
The vast Peruvian jungle, which surrounds the wide and winding Amazon river, is divided into two differentiated areas: the cloud forest (above 700 masl), which features a subtropical, balmy climate, with heavy rain showers (around 3000 mm a year) between November and March, and sunny days from April to October; and the lowland jungle (below 700 masl), where the dry season runs from April to October and is ideal for tourism, with sunshine and high temperatures often topping 35°C.
During this season, the river levels dip and roads are easy to drive. The rainy season, meanwhile, which runs from November to March, features frequent rain showers (at least once a day) which can damage roads in the area.
The jungle features high humidity all year long. In the southern jungle, there are sometimes cold spells known locally as friajes or surazos, cold fronts which drift up from the far south of the continent between May and August, where temperatures can drop to 8-12°C
Note: To calculate Fahrenheit temperatures: 9/5 (ºC) + 32
Machu Picchu, main tourist attraction of Cusco
The city of Machu Picchu is the department of Cusco’s most important tourist attraction. Discovered to the world in 1911 by the American explorer, Hiram Bingham, this city is considered to be one of the most extraordinary examples of scenic architecture in the world.
The city of Machu Picchu itself was built at the top of a granite mountain. The Incas, using ingenious engineering techniques, were able to transport heavy stone blocks up the mountain side, and once there, they used their excellent masonry skills to produce amazingly polished stones that fit together perfectly.
Price for visite:
– | Foreign Adults | S/. 126.00 nuevos soles |
– | Foreign Students | S/. 63.00 nuevos soles |
– | Foreign Children (8 to 15 years) | S/. 63.00 nuevos soles |
– | National Adult | S/. 64.00 nuevos soles |
– | National Students | S/. 32.00 nuevos soles |
– | Children (8 to 15) | S/. 32.00 nuevos soles |
Calendario Tuíistico de Agosto 2010
Perou
Le Pérou est un pays situé à l’ouest de l’Amérique du Sud, entouré par l’Équateur, la Colombie, le Brésil, la Bolivie, le Chili et l’Océan Pacifique.
Histoire
Icône de détail Article détaillé : Histoire du Pérou.
Les premières traces de sédentarisation datent de 20 000 av. J.-C. De nombreuses cultures précolombiennes se succédèrent sur le territoire actuel du Pérou, jusqu’à la civilisation Inca qui avait établi sa capitale à Cuzco. Après l’arrivée des Espagnols, Francisco Pizarro conquit la région et une vice-royauté fut établie. Au début du XIXe siècle, les troupes menées par José de San Martín et Simón Bolívar permirent au pays de s’émanciper de la couronne espagnole. L’indépendance fut déclarée en juillet 1821 et devint effective en décembre 1824. Le Pérou, aux côtés de la Bolivie, mena entre 1879 et 1883 une guerre de 4 ans contre le Chili connue sous le nom de guerre du Pacifique.
Les couleurs vives et variées des habits péruviens sont peut-être l’écho d’un vieux conseil proverbial : Ne t’habille ni en noir car la vie n’est pas un malheur, ni en blanc car ce n’est pas tous les jours la joie dans le coeur des autres.
Politique
Le Pérou est une République présidentielle.
Le président est élu pour un mandat de 5 ans. Il n’est pas rééligible immédiatement. Il est à la fois le chef de l’État et le chef du gouvernement. Le corps législatif est composé d’une seule Chambre, le Congrès, composée de 120 députés, également élus tous les 5 ans. Les grands partis politiques sont UPP, Alliance populaire révolutionnaire américaine, Unidad Nacional, Partido Nacionalista Peruano, et Acción Popular.
L’élection présidentielle péruvienne de 2006 a donné Alan García (Alliance populaire révolutionnaire américaine) vainqueur, contre l’autre candidat du second tour, Ollanta Humala. M García prit l’investiture comme il est de coutume, le jour de la fête nationale, le 28 juillet 2006. Il remplaça Alejandro Toledo Manrique, en fonction depuis 2001.
Le 1er janvier 2005, l’ancien commandant de l’armée Antauro Humala tenta un putsch contre le président en s’emparant du poste de police d’Andahuaylas avec un commando de 150 hommes. La tentative tourne court quelques jours plus tard, faisant cinq morts et une dizaine de blessés.
Découpage administratif
Le Pérou est divisé en 25 régions, auxquelles il faut ajouter la province de Lima, entité au statut particulier, distincte de la région de Lima. Ces régions sont divisées en 193 provinces sans la province de Lima.
Géographie
Le Pérou occupe une surface de 1 285 220 km² et possède 2 414 km de côtes.
Le climat est tropical à l’est, désertique et sec à l’ouest. Ces déserts côtiers sont provoqués par la présence d’un courant océanique sud-nord, donc froid, qui remonte la côte Pacifique en bloquant l’évaporation et la formation de perturbations pluvieuses. Dans les Andes(chaîne de montagne) le climat est tempéré à froid en fonction de l’altitude. Le Huascarán, qui s’élève à 6 768 m, est le point culminant du pays dans la Cordillère occidentale.
Parmi les ressources naturelles, on trouve le cuivre, l’argent, l’or, le pétrole, le minerai de fer, le charbon et les phosphates. La pêche constitue aussi une importante ressource naturelle ainsi que les fruits des arbres.
Le pays est sujet aux tremblements de terre. Les inondations et glissements de terrain sont dus au phénomène El Niño. Il existe une activité volcanique dans la zone volcanique centrale des Andes située au sud du pays.
On peut distinguer trois grandes zones naturelles :
* la « costa » (côte) bordée par l’Océan Pacifique, 60 % de population, 10 % de superficie ;
* la « sierra » (montagne) 30 % de population, 30 % de superficie ;
* la « selva » (forêt d’Amazonie péruvienne) 10 % de population, 60 % de superficie.
Faune et flore
Du fait de la diversité climatique et topographique, il existe au Pérou une faune et une flore variées.
Sur les hauteurs, les lamas côtoient les alpagas et les vigognes.
Mais c’est dans la « selva » que la faune est la plus présente. Avec entre autres les jaguars, les tatous, les caïmans, les capybaras mais aussi des singes ou des milliers d’espèces d’insectes qui vivent dans une végétation luxuriante. La vanille, l’acajou, le caoutchouc participent à cette biodiversité.
Le chinchilla brevicaudata, présent à l’état sauvage autrefois dans les très hautes Andes a sans doute disparu aujourd’hui.
Fleuves
C’est au Pérou que prend naissance l’un des plus longs fleuves du monde, l’ Amazone, qui, avant de pénétrer au Brésil traverse toute la selva péruvienne. Il capte les eaux de tout le versant oriental de la Cordillère des Andes.
Sur le versant occidental, se trouve le bassin de l’Océan Pacifique, où viennent se jeter toute une série de petits fleuves descendus des hauteurs de la Cordillère. Parmi ceux-ci, l’un retient particulièrement l’attention, le Río Rímac, considéré comme l’un des fleuves les plus importants du Pérou, non par son débit d’eau — relativement faible — ni par la taille de son bassin, mais parce qu’il approvisionne en eau et électricité la métropole de Lima, où se concentre plus de 30 % de la population du pays. L’approvisionnement en eau de la capitale péruvienne est un des problèmes critiques que les autorités ne sont pas parvenues à résoudre au cours des dernières décennies, et chaque jour il devient — avec l’explosion démographique — plus aigu, nécessitant de fréquentes coupures dans la distribution de l’eau.
Au sud, un troisième bassin, celui du Lac Titicaca, le plus vaste lac d’Amérique du Sud et le plus haut lac navigable au monde, perché entre 3 600 et 4 500 mètres d’altitude sur les plus hauts plateaux andins, entre Pérou et Bolivie, draine les eaux de quatre bassins : le lac Titicaca (T), le fleuve Desaguadero (D), le lac Poopó (P) et le salar de Coipasa (S). Ces quatre bassins constituent le système TDPS, qui s’étend sur près de 140 000 km².
Séismes
Le Pérou est situé sur une faille sismique, ce qui provoque, chaque année, un certain nombre de tremblements de terre, dont l’intensité reste faible. Le pays a toutefois subi quelques séismes majeurs, ayant provoqué un grand nombre de victimes et des destructions considérables, comme celui de Yungay, en 1970, qui fit entre 25 000 et 30 000 morts.
La population est préparée en cas de séisme et régulièrement dans les écoles et les lieux de travail, les mesures de sécurité sont enseignées et des exercices d’évacuation effectués.
Volcans
* El Misti
* Ubinas
Frontières terrestres
* 1 560 km avec le Brésil
* 1 496 km avec la Colombie
* 1 420 km avec l’Équateur
* 900 km avec la Bolivie
* 160 km avec le Chili
Économie
Le Pérou a libéralisé son économie dans les années 1990 en privatisant les entreprises publiques. À la fin des années 1990, le Pérou subit les répercussions de la crise asiatique.
Près d’un Péruvien sur deux vit actuellement dans la pauvreté. L’INEI (Institut national péruvien des statistiques) avance un chiffre de 48 % pour 2005, perdant 5,3 points en quatre ans, et la pauvreté extrême (moins d’un dollar par jour) s’élèverait à 18,1 % pour la même année[2]. Ces chiffres sont cependant contestés par l’Alliance populaire révolutionnaire américaine qui dénonce une manipulation politique des données. L’indice de développement humain était de 0,762 en 2003 (échelle entre 0 et 1) ce qui le place à la 79e place mondiale.
Le Pérou a connu une déflation de 0,1 % en 2001. Le PIB a progressé en 2002 de 5,2 % après avoir crû de 0,6 % en 2001 et 3,1 % en 2000. Le déficit public s’élevait à 2,3 % du PIB en 2002. Les principaux destinataires pour les exportations sont les États-Unis (25 %), la Chine (8 %) et le Japon (7 %) (en 1997).
Le Pérou fait partie de la Coopération Économique Asie Pacifique (APEC).
Le tourisme constitue une des principales ressources de l’économie.
Transports
Trains
“Le train des nuages” est la deuxième voie de chemin de fer la plus haute du monde, atteignant 4871 m d altitude. Le trajet qui relie Lima à Huancayo dure 11 heures. Le train franchit 69 tunnels, 58 ponts et fait 6 zigzag. En 1999, la compagnie Ferrocarril Central Andinas a été privatisée et en 2005, les wagons de tourisme ont éte rénovés pour améliorer le confort et le service à bord. Le Train des Andes fait désormais partie des lignes de chemins de fer les plus touristiques du monde[3].
Éducation
Le Pérou compte avec quelques institutions étrangères prestigieuses parmi lesquelles le Markham College, et le Lycée Franco-Péruvien qui appartient à l’ AEFE.
Démographie
La population s’élève environ à 29 millions dont 45 % d’indigènes, 37 % de métis, 15 % de Blancs et 3 % constitué principalement par des Noirs, Japonais et Chinois. (2000)
L’espagnol et le quechua sont les deux langues officielles du Pérou. Le quechua et l’aymara sont surtout parlés dans les Andes où les indigènes sont plus nombreux.
Depuis la réforme de la Constitution en 1993, l’enseignement primaire est libre et obligatoire.
Le bilan migratoire s’élève à 1,1 par 1000 habitants et la mortalité infantile à 40,6 morts pour 1000 naissances (2000).
L’espérance de vie est de 67,63 ans pour les hommes et 72,5 ans pour les femmes (2000).
Le taux de fécondité est de 3,04 enfants par femme (2000). Environ 90 % des Péruviens sont catholiques (2000).
Littérature et poésie
Écrivains célèbres:
En prose
* Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
* Mario Vargas Llosa
* Alfredo Bryce Echenique
* Julio Ramón Ribeyro
* José María Arguedas
* Ciro Alegría
* José Carlos Mariategui
* Jaime Bayly
* Manuel Scorza
En poésie
* César Vallejo
Musiques et danses
Icône de détail Article détaillé : Musiques et Danses du Pérou.
La danse nationale est la Marinera.
La richesse du Pérou se voit par ses danses et sa musique. En effet, si la topographie est une barrière naturelle qui a permis le développement de danses régionales, dans certaines régions les danses sont si nombreuses que chaque village a la sienne. C’est le cas de Cuzco ou Puno. Le folklore a aussi intégré les traditions des immigrants, espagnols et africains particulièrement.
La musique de la côte, elle, peut être divisée en deux sous-catégories :
* La musique d’origine africaine,
* La musique d’origine coloniale.
Les danses et les styles de musiques sont également détaillées par régions.
[WikiPedia]